Greetings and thank you for this nice software!
I want to share my successfull solution, similar to some others already reported, to the error message in the title (Failed to enumerate Microsoft SQL Server databases: Microsoft SQL Server VSS Writer not found - cannot backup SQL databases). This error appeared whenever I wanted to create a new backup profile. I could click ok, it went away and the job ran without problems but I suspect I could not have used it to backup SQL using VSS.
I had Duplicati on two other systems, running under local accounts or as a service with no problems. However, an installation on a server running MS Server 2012R2, running as a service, was giving me the error message while not giving it when using a local account. This server as an SQL Server installed which is being used by another software package.
As hinted in other messages, I installed SQL Server Management Studio in order to grant Sysadmin permission to the Local System account (ref.: Sysdatabases is empty–You say Whaaat? | TroubleshootingSQL) and this took care of the error message. I am no expert in SQL, far from it actually! I believe that this may not be current best practicies but it was the only way I could get rid of the error.
Any inputs welcomed!
Best regards to the team!