How to give Mac OS 14 proper permissions?

I Mac OS is a maintained and tested platform. It seems this is full of issues with permissions. How do I make this actually work and back more than a few simple folders?

Ideally someone with a Mac will stop by to chat. Meanwhile, is what you see explained by

Change Privacy & Security settings on Mac

I granted it files and folders. I granted it full disk access. I have given up. It just gets to a point and hangs. Now it fails to even run the backup. Deleted moving on.